Locking fuse
On Kalina, to engage reverse gear, you need to lift the “button” of the gearshift knob towards you. After this, the solenoid will unlock and allow reverse gear to be engaged.
Scheme for Kalina.
Fuse - F21 in the main unit, rating - 10A . A intact fuse indicates that there is no voltage at the solenoid.
If the fuse is blown, a new one is installed, then the gearshift lever is moved to the reverse gear position. If the jumper burns out again, the problem must be looked for in a short circuit in the solenoid power supply path.
3 Repairing the solenoid - all operations for independent work
We have already told you how to replace the wires leading to the solenoid. Now let's look at the rules for repairing the Kalina locking mechanism. Its malfunction makes it impossible to turn on the rear. To perform this type of repair, you need to look at the solenoid control circuit. It is given below.
Failure of the mechanism in most cases is caused by the failure of fuse F21 (it is rated at 10 A). Through it, as can be seen in the diagram, 12 V is supplied to L1 (solenoid). Then S1 (switch) closes the circuit to ground. As a result of this, the solenoid coil is activated. If the fuse is blown or the switch is faulty, reverse gear will be locked. Let's solve this problem. We take out the fuse (if you look at the left, it will be the eighth one), and check it with a multimeter. Instead of the faulty element, we install a new one (of strictly the same rating - 10 A). When F21 starts working, we work on the switch (see the first section of the article).
If replacing the switch and fuse does not produce results, remove the connector from the solenoid. We put regular pins in it (two pieces). We measure the voltage with a multimeter. With a normally operating mechanism, it is equal to 12 V. If the readings are different, we have a break in the electrical harness on the pallet - at the place where the clamp is mounted. We pull out the entire harness, expose the wires, and eliminate the break. We solder the twisting area and treat it with heat shrink for greater reliability.
In very rare cases, the solenoid itself breaks down. You can check if it is faulty with a multimeter. We connect the device to the solenoid and measure the resistance. If we see a value other than 2.2 Ohm, we will have to change the element. The work is not difficult, but quite dirty. You will need to drain the oil from the gearbox, then remove the old solenoid and install a new one. Before installing a working element, be sure to treat the threads with sealant. It is important. Without this procedure, oil will soon begin to seep through the threads.
No voltage along the path from the solenoid to the gearbox
You need to lift the cover.
We lift the cover on the gearshift lever and see the feature.
If after closing the contacts the rear one turns on, the magnetic switch on the lever is faulty.
If there is no voltage at the contacts, check the wiring to the solenoid in the box.
The wiring running from the gearshift lever to the solenoid is located on the Lada Kalina near the left side member under the bottom. Because of this, it is affected by water , snow reagents from the roads also affect its condition .
To see the solenoid, you need to unscrew the wheel all the way.
The photo shows the solenoid contact connectors.
Long-term use of the car leads to rotting of the wire. The presence of voltage at the solenoid output is checked. If it is, then the wiring is broken, you need to inspect it for damage.
To check, we pull out the wiring into the engine compartment.
We replace the damaged wires with new ones and hide them in the corrugation.
After replacing the wiring with the name of the circuit - everything is normal!
Reverse lock solenoid burnt out
After the previous check, there may be a different result - there will be no voltage at the output. If the fuse is intact, it remains to ensure the integrity of the winding inside the solenoid.
For diagnostics, all wires are disconnected from the element and the voltage on them is checked. If so, the solenoid has burned out. Otherwise, the problem lies in the power supply in the area from the fuse to the lever.
A common problem is a broken solenoid plug when driving off-road.
This can be solved by installing a protective bracket made of thick metal.
Replacing the gear selection mechanism
Another reason why reverse gear may not engage is a malfunction of the gear selection mechanism. As a rule, the defect occurs due to a broken spring in this unit. To fix the problem in this case, you have to remove and disassemble the gearbox; the work turns out to be labor-intensive and takes a lot of time. To get to the mechanism, we perform the following operations (we will list only the most basic):
- place the car on the lift;
- drain the oil from the box;
- we prepare the gearbox for removal - we dismantle the starter, release the torque rod with the bracket and move it to the side, pull out the CV joints;
- unscrew the bolts securing the transmission to the engine, remove the entire assembly;
- dismantle the rear cover of the manual transmission;
- Having unlocked and unscrewed the two nuts, remove the fifth gear gears;
- disconnect the main body from the clutch housing;
- After “halving” the box, it is no longer difficult to get to the mechanism, but you will still have to remove the primary and secondary shafts assemblies; the required unit is secured with three 10mm bolts;
- The gearbox assembly will be performed in the reverse order of the disassembly process.
Of course, only the spring in the mechanism can be replaced, but this is provided that the parts in it are not worn out. Practice shows that it is easier and more reasonable to install a new part in the assembly - there is no guarantee that the repaired mechanism will not present any “surprises”, and it is relatively inexpensive. It should be noted that if the “selection” spring is broken, in some cases it is still possible to turn on the reverse speed, but always with great difficulty.
Mechanical problems
When the electrics are checked, it's time to move on to the mechanics. The first step is to check the gear oil: level , viscosity , color . The liquid is changed if it does not meet the standards.
If there is no proper result, you need to check the elements of the box.
Gear box
Wear of the internal parts of the manual transmission is diagnosed when disassembling the unit. On the Lada Kalina in the “box” the following may break:
- synchronizer,
- rear bearing,
- reverse gear,
Chips on the reverse gear teeth.
- fork.
The decision to replace parts is made after the “opening”.
Clutch
Car enthusiasts often experience problems with the operation of the “box” after the clutch fails. A malfunction occurs when switching to any gear , sometimes the process is accompanied by a crashing noise.
If other possible faults are excluded, the clutch assembly is replaced.
Why doesn't reverse gear engage on the Lada Kalina? Causes of the problem and how to fix it
April 02, 2021 Category: Car fault diagnosis
Modern life never tires of delighting us with various technical innovations. In the automotive industry, engineers are introducing modern technologies everywhere.
The domestic auto industry is no exception, which, although it lags behind leading manufacturers, is confidently reducing this distance. However, innovations are not always successful and reliable.
For example, in the modern version of the Lada Kalina, the electronics do not particularly simplify the driver’s life, but rather, on the contrary, create even more problems. The most common flaw among engineers is the failure of the rear gear of cars of this family.
This article will discuss why reverse gear does not engage on Kalina. Let's consider the main causes of this malfunction, as well as methods for eliminating it. But first, let's take a quick look at how reverse gear is engaged on this car.
