The reverse gear on the VAZ 2110 does not engage. The reverse gear has stopped engaging

Often this mechanism is broken and the rear one turns on instead of the first one. It turned out that way for me too.

On VAZ 2110, 2111, 2112 cars, reverse gear is engaged by pressing the lever down-left-forward. If the mechanism is broken, then both gears shift to the left and forward. And next to each other. Rear - to the left all the way. The first one is a little short. Without skill, it is easier to hit the back one than the first one. Apparently people after nine try to turn it on in the same way: to the left all the way and push it further forward. As a result, either the overlay breaks (the new one is shown in the photo):

Or plastic on the axle (pictured is mine, worn out and broken):

You can change the axle directly from the car interior. The overlay too, I think. In order to get to the mechanism you need to remove the leatherette cover.

It is held on a frame. Frame with snaps. Latches in the middle. It is enough to pick up two and pull out the frame.

Lift it up and we will see the cover and the axle with a plastic tip (I don’t know how to do it correctly).

When you press the lever down and to the left, the tip fits into the groove, which allows you to deflect the lever more to the left and get into reverse gear. If you didn’t press the lever, but simply moved it to the left, then it rests on the pad and doesn’t go further to the left—we end up in the first one.

In order to replace the axle, you need to remove the screw and nut:

The M8 nut can be unscrewed with a 13mm wrench. But the screw could not be unscrewed right away. First I tried it with a cardan at 90 degrees. Then I unscrewed one screw to widen the gap in the plastic:

And he stuck a thin slotted screwdriver in there, while tilting the lever to the right:

Next, remove the axle and insert a new one. And everything is in reverse order. Everything is done in 20 minutes. I spent more time running around for screwdrivers.

For the repair I needed:

Tools: 1. Screwdriver 2. 13 mm wrench

Spare parts: 1. Repair kit for gearbox shifter for cars of the LADA 110 family - cost 154 rubles.

The car's transmission allows you to change the torque from the internal combustion engine before transmitting it to the drive wheels. This makes it possible to change the speed of the vehicle, maintain engine operation in the optimal speed range, etc.

Also, thanks to the gearbox, you can change the direction of movement, that is, the vehicle gets the opportunity to move not only forward, but also backward. At the same time, on cars for forward movement, step boxes have several gears, while there is only one reverse speed.

It should be noted that quite often drivers encounter a malfunction when reverse gear does not engage, and on different types of gearboxes (manual transmission, automatic transmission, manual transmission, etc.). Next, we will look at the main reasons why reverse gear does not engage in manual transmissions, as well as in automatic transmissions.

Read in this article

VAZ 2110 Gear shift

Gear shift

Gear shift and lever position

Manual transmission

When changing gears, fully depress the clutch pedal and then release it smoothly. It is not recommended to drive the car with one hand on the gearshift lever, as this increases wear on the gearbox.

When shifting from fifth to fourth gear, do not push the lever laterally to avoid accidentally engaging second gear, which could cause the engine to overspeed and cause engine damage.

Before engaging reverse gear, make sure that the car is at rest and your foot is not on the accelerator pedal. Move the lever from neutral to the right all the way, and then engage reverse.

The table below shows the driving speeds at which you should engage the next gear for maximum fuel economy.

Gear change	Travel speed
1-2	25 km/h
2-3	40 km/h
3-4	65 km/h
4-5	75 km/h

Gear shift - automatic transmission

“P” Park “R” Reverse “N” Neutral position

Forward gears:

You cannot set the position “P”, “R”, or “N” while the vehicle is moving. If the driving position is reset, it may cause an accident or damage to the transmission.

Selector lever positions

Always keep your foot on the brake pedal when setting the driving position. Do not place your hand on the selector lever as this may cause wear to the transmission.

Gear shift lever

Between placing the lever in the drive position and accelerating, you should pause for a few seconds to allow the gear to engage.

“D” ›”3″ “N” › “R” “R” › “P” “P” › “R” “3” › “2”

"P"

"R"

Before driving off, you should wait a few seconds for reverse gear to engage.

"N"

"D"

«3»

When moving the lever from position “D” or from position 3 to position 2, switching from third to second gear occurs only at a speed lower than a certain predetermined speed, in order to avoid increasing engine speed to unacceptable values.

«1»

If you move the lever from position “D” to position 1, you immediately switch to 3rd gear; then, as the speed decreases to 70 km/h, it will switch to 2nd gear; and then, as the speed decreases to 30 km/h, it will switch to 1st gear. The selector lever should not be placed in this position at speeds exceeding 130 km/h. Manual shifting is also undesirable on icy roads. In this position of the selector lever, there is no shift to higher gears.

Squeezing the accelerator pedal to the floor (“kick-down”)

VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

Moderator: Kolya Taran

VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

RaF » June 19, 2021, 11:07 pm

HELLO! In general, the situation is like this: the 2nd gear crunched (and constantly crashed) and the rear gear when you switched. disassembled the box: changed the 2nd gear synchronizers, changed the release lever, changed 2 cushions at the gearbox on the left and the far support (HZ as they are called)

Well, little by little, the magnet has been cleared of chips. The oil was left the same, because it is light/clean and the car is new, it has run about 70 thousand. Not even a week later, the crunching noise repeated itself (as soon as we got to Kazan) In general, the rear one turns on without a crunching sound when you stop normally (wait a few seconds), squeeze the clutch and carefully shift. and in general there is a crunching noise when switching. The second gear - it’s unclear how it crunches, when you start to accelerate, you shift, it crunches like a knife to the heart, and sometimes it’s normal, the impression is that it managed to shift during the shift (it got into revs) there will be no crunch. all other transmissions are normal! what to do where to dance? Should I take the box off again? Threat, what do I remember from the last checkpoint analysis. on the 2nd gear gear, the corners of the teeth seem to be worn out by 1-2mm, I don’t know whether they (the corners of the gears) should be sharp or blocked, there are no such gears on our collective farm, just when we took the synchro, they showed the gear in the store, the seller said don’t mess with it the brain is a normal gear! PS PS, sorry for describing it in detail, I’ve never climbed into boxes and don’t know how it works.

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

» June 19, 2021, 11:20 pm

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

RaF » June 19, 2021, 11:36 pm

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

» June 19, 2021, 11:49 pm

Evonokak)) to start playing with the pedal then. Isn't the link short-stroke by any chance? Did you remember to put a stopper on the 1-2 gear hub? Are the balls and springs all in place? Did you disassemble the 1st-2nd gear clutch or did you remove the entire assembly? If you took it apart, was it reassembled correctly? But in theory, if it worked, then most likely it was correct. Did you remember to put a thick washer under 5th gear? Did you put retaining rings on the bearings? I don't know what else to guess. With this mileage I would change the oil better. And I adjusted the clutch. And then crawl into the box.

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

RaF » June 20, 2021, 00:19

The slide may be standard, I didn’t pay attention.

play with the pedal? what does it mean - 1 cm below the brake pedal, then ride - align with the brake pedal - ride above the brake pedal, set to 1 cm. Is that what you mean?

The stoppers were all in place, the balls and springs were all in place. But there was a problem with the thick puck, I remember exactly that we didn’t know where to put it, where did it end up? ))) I do not remember.

And all the gears are engaged without exception, just 2nd and Rear with a crunch. but when you stand still, squeeze the clutch and carefully engage the rear one, there is no crunch, the same with the second one.

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

» 20 Jun 2021, 08:05

Well, the rear with a crunch is still tolerable. Even on fully functional boxes it sometimes turns on with a crunch. It doesn't have a synchronizer. Somehow I changed the clutch on a grant. After that, the rear one also began to turn on with a crunch. Adjusting the cable helped. The crunch has almost disappeared. By the way, if you turn on the rear one through the first one, it doesn’t crunch)) But the second one does. does it crunch and turn on and not fly out on its own? When you bought the spare parts, weren’t they confusing the 08 with 10 gears? There are also old and new models. Carefully inspect the removed parts. I trained here two weeks ago with my little girl. The first one didn't turn on. After the sixth removal/installation I was only able to find out the reason. Everything was changed related to 1-2 gears, but spare parts are junk these days. There was too much axial play at the hub with the coupling. Well, either you collected everything normally. It’s just that the owner tears the box and again damaged the second gear synchro. Are there any extraneous noises from the gearbox?

Added after 41 seconds: And remember about the puck.

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

RaF » June 20, 2021, 08:48

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

Trid43 » June 20, 2021, 09:37

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

RaF » June 20, 2021, 10:21 pm

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

RaF » June 24, 2021, 10:36 pm

So, I split the box, took a photo of the clutch and the 2nd gear. Evaluate and give a verdict, is it because of the gears or the clutch or something else? The box is now disassembled. Tomorrow we need to think about going and buying something. Damn the photos didn’t upload, I’ll get to the laptop right now

Added after 1 hour 47 minutes 41 second: the photo can be enlarged by clicking on it or downloaded to your computer and taken a closer look

Added after 9 minutes 15 seconds: wear is visible on the gear! I called a friend from the service center, came and took a quick look, and said that the teeth were sweating partly due to a crappy clutch. could it be like this? And in general, is this wear so critical?

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

» 24 Jun 2021, 22:59

Even from my phone I can’t make out what the crap is in the second photo? The basket doesn't seem to be very worn. I wish I could take a larger photo of the clutch disc. On the fifth (from the top) photo is the secondary shaft. Why did they take it apart? There, the first and second gears on the other side are disassembled. And yet in this photo the second gear gear is upside down. Or was this done specifically for the photo? Or I can't see well on my phone. Are you sure the components weren't mixed up? There are old and new samples and 08 and 10.

Read more: Is it necessary to remove the plugs when charging the battery?

Added after 1 minute 13 seconds: Where was the thick washer?)) From fifth gear which.

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

RaF » June 24, 2021, 11:24 pm

in the fourth photo these rings are under the 2nd gear gear, so to speak, inside the next gear

Added after 2 minutes 11 seconds:

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

» June 24, 2021, 11:26 pm

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

RaF » June 24, 2021, 11:28 pm

ummm, I didn’t turn anything over in the photo, I took a photo of how they stand on the shaft. and then removed it from the shaft

Added after 1 minute 17 seconds:

Re: VAZ 2114 1-2 gear crunch

» June 24, 2021, 11:41 pm

The shaft that cannot be disassembled and sticks out of the box is called the primary shaft. And the shaft from which the gears are removed is a secondary one.

Added after 2 minutes 11 seconds: Unfortunately, I haven’t climbed into boxes younger than 10-11 years old. Haven't they really made such changes to the details? ((

Added after 4 minutes 25 seconds: Photo with title on h-KRO. It has a secondary shaft located in the gearbox housing. The bottom gear is first gear. Above is the 1-2 gear clutch. The second gear gear is even higher. This gear should be the other way around. I’ll get to the laptop now and take a closer look.

Reverse speed of automatic transmission does not engage

Chassis front and rear suspension VAZ 2110 2111 2112 Removing the lever and extension of the front suspension VAZ 2110 2111 2112

Automatic transmissions are different
The level of ATF transmission fluid has deviated from the norm, the fluid in the automatic transmission is contaminated or has lost its properties. As you know, an automatic transmission is extremely sensitive to the level and quality of oil. For this reason, the check should begin with the transmission fluid.

Please note that both under and over levels can cause gears to shift incorrectly. Also, ATF oil has a limited service life, that is, the fluid needs to be changed every 40-60 thousand

km., contamination, clouding, etc. are not allowed.

Wear of automatic transmission clutches (friction discs). This malfunction often affects both reverse gear R and gears in drive mode D. Problems with clutches lead to gears not being engaged, and certain speeds may disappear (for example, the car goes to 1 and 2, but not 3 and 4, as well as reverse gear). To fix the problem, you will need to replace the automatic transmission clutches.

Other automatic transmission malfunctions and breakdowns. For example, if the splines of the drive drum are cut off, the machine can move forward, but there is no reverse gear. There may also be complete absence of movement both forward and backward. To solve the problem, the drum needs to be replaced.

Another reason may be a brake band and a worn friction layer. Problems may also affect the clutch pack of the reverse gear R. In this case, the box works normally in drive mode, but when reverse is engaged, there is no reverse movement.

Other problems include broken brake band piston cuffs or severe wear. The malfunction only appears when the driver engages reverse gear, that is, the car moves forward normally, but there is no reverse movement. Another common problem with similar symptoms is failure or jamming of valve body valves and individual solenoids.

Additionally, experts draw attention to the fact that if there is no connection between the oil pump drive gear and the torque converter, the automatic transmission will not engage in both forward and reverse gears. https://www.youtube.com/embed/UMC1xSYWsRg

https://youtube.com/watch?v=UMC1xSYWsRg

Checkpoint diagram

To ensure gear shifting, the gearbox contains a primary shaft consisting of a gear block. They are constantly engaged with the drive gears from the first to the fifth speed (that is, those that are oriented towards driving forward);
The secondary shaft is equipped with a drive gear for the main transmission, and it also has gear synchronizers that ensure forward movement of the driven gears. There are also bearings plus an oil sump;
VAZ two-satellite differential, with the driven gear of the main gear attached to the flange of its box;
the gearbox drive consists of a gear shift knob, a ball joint, a selector rod, a rod, gear selection mechanisms, and gear shifting mechanisms;
Jet thrust is designed to protect the gearbox from flying out of gear. Its ends are attached to the support and the power unit.

Gear shift drive diagram

Replacing and adjusting the gearbox driveshaft

Gears do not engage when the engine is running. Possible malfunctions

Carry out the work according to the instructions:

Place the machine on an overpass or over a pit. Car repair, Reverse gear on VAZ 2109 does not engage, Car repair. Find the gearbox from below and loosen the clamp bolts on its drive rod. Remove the actuator completely from the stem. Using a screwdriver, pull the boot towards the unit. Often the boot is completely damaged during this step, in which case it can be removed and then a new one installed

Unscrew the fixing screw on the universal joint. Carefully tap the driveshaft off the assist shaft with a hammer. Remove the boot if you haven't damaged it previously

Install a new oil seal on the speed shaft. Install a new boot, place the cardan on the shaft so that the position of the fixing screw coincides with the recess on the shaft. Tighten the retaining screw and place the rod on the rod, but do not tighten the clamp. To make the adjustment, ask an assistant to move the gearshift lever to the neutral position and a short distance to the right. He should hold it in this position while you tighten the clamp.

When engaging reverse gear

crunching with the gearbox. Reverse gear won't engage on Kalina? Lada Kalina repair. In this video there are 2 main reasons for this problem. Help the author: I am raising funds for. Problems with gear shifting. Crunch when turned on.

If the reason for the failure of the reverse gear was hidden in the cardan of the carriage, then you will no longer have problems after this repair.

Checkpoint diagram

To ensure gear shifting, the gearbox contains a primary shaft consisting of a gear block. They are constantly engaged with the drive gears from the first to the fifth speed (that is, those that are oriented towards driving forward);
The secondary shaft is equipped with a drive gear for the main transmission, and it also has gear synchronizers that ensure forward movement of the driven gears. There are also bearings plus an oil sump;
VAZ two-satellite differential, with the driven gear of the main gear attached to the flange of its box;
the gearbox drive consists of a gear shift knob, a ball joint, a selector rod, a rod, gear selection mechanisms, and gear shifting mechanisms;
Jet thrust is designed to protect the gearbox from flying out of gear. Its ends are attached to the support and the power unit.

Gear shift drive diagram

Features of replacing transmission fluid

Communities DRIVE2 Audi 80 Club Blog Gears are difficult to engage. Clutch

Transmission oil must be changed at regular intervals, usually every 15-20 thousand kilometers. However, it may exhaust its resource earlier. This can be determined using a probe. Take a piece of white cloth and use a dipstick to transfer a drop of oil onto it. It is necessary to change the lubricant in cases where a drop of oil:

colorless or has a black tint;
contains metal particles or grains of dust;
opaque and viscous;
sticky to the touch;
absorbs into fabric for a long time;
cloudy or foamy.

Most often, reverse gear is difficult to engage if the oil has become cloudy. This is a sure sign that it has entered the engine. Why the reverse gear of the VAZ 2109 disappeared and does not engage. If you do not detect the problem in a timely manner, then soon you will need to carry out a complete repair of the gearbox or even an expensive replacement of the gearbox.

Problems with automatic shifting

An automatic transmission is very demanding in maintaining the oil level and its condition, unlike a manual transmission. Too high or low oil level can lead to machine malfunction. In addition, due to a lack or excess of oil, difficulties may arise in switching gears.

The most common automatic transmission faults:

Forward gears do not engage.
There is no reverse gear, forward there is only 1st and 2nd.
All speeds are engaged except reverse.
The gears don't engage at all.

Common problems with reverse gear of automatic transmission

There are the following problems with reverse gear on automatic transmissions:

All forward gears function, but the reverse gear of the automatic transmission does not work. This may be due to wear of the friction layer on the brake band, a malfunction of the piston rod, or cuff. The problem can only be eliminated by replacing the broken part.
The automatic transmission has lost reverse speed, and the car only moves forward at speeds 1 and 2. As a rule, the main reason lies in the wear of the clutch disks, which require complete replacement.
When it's cold it works fine, but when it's warm it slips. The reason for this is similar to the previous one - wear of the friction discs, the replacement of which solves problems with the reverse gear of the automatic transmission.
Reverse gears and all front gears do not engage due to breakdowns of the torque converter, insufficient oil volume, and heavily contaminated filters. To fix the problem, you need to add or change the oil and clean the filters.
You engage reverse gear, and the car stands still, there is movement only in 1st gear. The splines of the drive drum, which must be replaced, may be cut off.

If the reverse gear of the automatic transmission has disappeared, you should not immediately disassemble the box. In this case, you must first open the manual, which can tell you why the automatic transmission does not engage reverse gear. But the best way out of the situation if there is no reverse gear is to contact qualified specialists of our service center.

How to change gearbox oil

oil needs to be changed 2109

The work of changing the oil in the box is carried out as follows:

Place the car on an overpass or over a pit, warm it up slightly so that the liquid is not viscous. Locate the oil drain plug on the bottom of the box.
The unit has a rubber cap that needs to be cleaned along with the breather. After cleaning these parts from dirt, return them to their place.
As soon as the preparatory work is completed, place the container, twist the plug with a wrench, and begin draining the transmission oil.
The waste liquid will drain completely within half an hour.
Screw on the plug, tighten it well, but do not strip the thread.
Under the hood, find the transmission dipstick and remove it. In place of the probe, stretch a hose, at the other end of which a regular watering can or funnel is installed. Pour transmission oil into the box through the hose. On older units, the fill plug is located next to the drain plug.

After the work is completed, check the lubricant level with a dipstick and take a control measurement after 2-3 days. If necessary, add oil; if it becomes critically low, inspect the box for leaks.

Troubleshooting

Many transmission malfunctions that cause the reverse gear to disappear or fall out can be eliminated without removing the unit from the car.

If the cause is a loosening of the bolt securing the clamp on the rod, then to correct the defect it is necessary:

Place the car on a lift.
Completely loosen the clamp nut.
Place the gearshift lever in the fully engaged reverse gear position.
Fully engage reverse gear at the gearbox using the shift rod on the crankcase.
Tighten the clamp mounting bolt.

Backstage adjustment

If tightening the clamp does not help get rid of the problem, then you need to check the condition of the shift drive parts. One of the reasons why the reverse gear does not engage may be a poorly adjusted rocker.

To make adjustments to the mechanism, you may need the following tools:

two wrenches with a size of 13 mm, preferably a socket design;
any wrench or 10 mm socket;
small hammer;
slotted screwdriver.

Since the cause of malfunction of the link can be wear of parts, spare parts may be needed:

universal joint of the rocker;
Sometimes the shift rod seal may need to be replaced.

Two people are required to adjust the rocker or replace parts of its drive. One person must change gears from the passenger compartment, and the second must adjust the travel of the shift rods.

The order of work is as follows:

Provide access to the bottom of the car by placing it on a pit or a lift.
Using a 13 mm wrench, loosen the clamp installed on the gear shift rod.
Remove the rod from the box rod.
Using a screwdriver, carefully remove the boot.
Using a 10 mm wrench, unscrew the fixing bolt on the cardan shaft.
Knock off the cardan shaft with light blows of a hammer. It is important not to damage the shaft.
Remove the universal joint seal boot.
If there is an oil leak, the sealing gland on the box rod must be replaced.
Install a new boot (or leave the old one if it is intact) and install the universal joint on the shaft.
Align the hole on the cardan with the notch on the shaft.
Tighten the 10 mm clamp and install the boot completely in place.
Install the rod on the cardan rod and adjust the gearshift lever travel.
The second person should sit in the driver's seat, set the gear shift lever to neutral, move it slightly to the right and hold it in that position.
After this, you need to tighten the 13 mm clamp nut.

Typically, after such a repair, the reverse gear starts to engage without problems. In addition, the operation of the entire gear selection mechanism on the VAZ-2109 becomes clearer.

Changing the gearbox oil

If the oil seal on the rod is damaged, oil leaks out of the gearbox housing, and dirt can get into the box itself. These factors may be the reason why reverse gear stops engaging. In addition, the oil in the box loses its properties during operation, so it must be replaced preventively at least once every 35–40 thousand kilometers. Before replacing, you need to check the condition of the oil in the box. To do this, you need to remove the oil dipstick installed in the gearbox housing and visually assess the quality of the oil. The presence of metal and dirt particles in the oil on the dipstick is unacceptable. The oil itself should be quite liquid and not stick to your hands in a thick layer.

Dipstick with oil level marks

We recommend: Several simple ways to check the oil level in an automatic transmission

To replace, you will need the following materials and tools:

New oil. When purchasing oil, you need to consider the type of gearbox. For fairly rare four-speed gearboxes, three liters of oil are required, for newer five-speed ones - 3.3 liters. The oil itself must have a tolerance of 80W-85, the manufacturer does not matter.
A container for draining old oil with a volume of at least 4 liters.
A funnel with a hose for pouring new oil or a syringe.
Wrenches 12 and 17 mm of any type.
Rags and cleaning solvent.

The actual work order is as follows:

Place the car with the heated gearbox on the pit.
Remove the rubber plug from the gearbox ventilation valve installed on the top of the crankcase.
Clean the valve and plug from dust and dirt. It is convenient to clean parts with thin wire and a rag.
Reinstall clean parts.
Wipe off dirt from the bottom of the box. Unscrew the plug on the bottom of the box housing.
Place a container under the drain hole and drain the oil. It will completely merge in at least 20-25 minutes.
After this, screw the drain plug back into place and carefully tighten it with a wrench. First, the plug and hole must be thoroughly wiped with a rag.
Pour fresh oil through the oil level dipstick hole in the box.
During filling, it is necessary to check the oil level, which normally should be between o and “MAX” on the dipstick rod.
If there is an overflow, the oil can be pumped out with a large medical syringe with a tube on the spout.
Within a few days after the change, it is advisable to check the level and appearance of the oil. You also need to make sure that there are no leaks through the plug and box seals.

Rubber crankcase ventilation cap Drain hole on the crankcase Dipstick in the upper part of the crankcase An oil funnel installed in the dipstick hole

On early versions of front-wheel drive VAZ gearboxes there is no hole for the dipstick. To fill the oil in the crankcase of such boxes there is a control hole closed with a threaded plug. Filling is carried out using an oil syringe. The oil level is considered normal when it reaches the lower edge of the inspection hole.

The arrow indicates the inspection hole on the side of the gearbox housing. Filling oil with a transmission syringe.

Replacing the gear selection mechanism

One of the common reasons why the reverse gear of a VAZ 2109 does not engage is the breakdown of spring 2 installed in a separate mechanism.

Gear selection mechanism

To access it, it is necessary to remove and repair the mechanism itself, located inside the box.

A short list of necessary actions:

Disconnect the car.
Remove the air filter completely.
Remove the left wheel and loosen the CV joint hub nut.
Drain the oil from the gearbox crankcase.
Remove the two bolts securing the left ball joint to the steering knuckle.
Unlock and remove the steering tip.
Remove the fist from the CV joint splines.
Completely remove the left drive.
Remove the starter and negative wire from the gearbox housing.
Remove the gear shift rods from the gearbox and clutch.
Unscrew the speedometer drive cable.
Place a support under the box housing and remove the box support fastening
Remove the gearbox from the vehicle and disassemble it.

When disassembling the gearbox, it is necessary to check the condition of the gear locks, since wear is the main reason why the reverse gear spontaneously jumps out of gear. You can get to the lock without removing and disassembling the box; it is located on the side of the crankcase and is closed with a screw plug. Disassembling the gearbox and inspecting the gear selection mechanism will also help solve the problem in which the reverse gear on the VAZ-2109 does not turn off.

Spring replacement

Often, owners change the entire mechanism assembly, which costs on average about 2 thousand rubles. But you can disassemble the mechanism and get by with replacing the spring, which costs up to 50 rubles.

You need to do the following:

Remove the stopper from the blocker axle and remove the axle itself.
Unscrew the lever axle nut.
Remove the axle and replace the spring.
Reassemble in reverse order.

Clutch

When the clutch discs wear out, the pedal moves up and its position becomes higher than the others. In this case, when turned on, a crunching sound may be heard and the lever does not move, as if it is resting against an obstacle. You should not force the assembly, as this can lead to more serious damage - the gears will fly.

It is typical for such wear that the clutch pedal falls to the floor and you can hear from drivers that the VAZ 2109 does not engage the gears. Usually this applies to all gears, but only first and reverse can fail.

You can check by removing the rubber plug. The destroyed disc leaves fibers that look like tangled strands of hair. If such a phenomenon occurs, then a new clutch disc should be installed.

Due to constant loads, the cable stretches and must be periodically adjusted and tightened. In this case, the VAZ 21093 does not engage the first and second gears, and the rear may also fail. To fix the breakdown, you need to drive into the pit and tighten the cable. If it is worn out, replace it immediately. You can do this yourself.

A similar breakdown can also manifest itself in the failure of the gears to engage while the engine is running. Sliding along the splines is limited and fixation does not occur.

Basket

The reason for difficult shifting of individual gears, especially if there is a crackling sound that gradually fades while moving, may be the destruction of the spacer ring in the basket. Notice that there are drops of oil on the outside. Then remove the basket and check the O-ring and disc blades. Pay attention when purchasing new parts, because on some models the disk is missing and then you have to install pins and secure it yourself.

Backstage

A loose link must be tightened with an assistant. No special knowledge or skills are required, just the ability to hold the lever in the desired position while you crawl under the car and tighten the bolts. When the scenes on the VAZ 2109 are loosened, the speeds do not engage, and especially the rear ones.

Place the car on a hole or hill to have access to the bottom. Set the lever to neutral if several speeds do not engage. When only the reverse gear does not work, make adjustments using it. An assistant must hold the shift knob in the specified position without moving it anywhere.

It is necessary to loosen the bolt from below by 13, check the engagement of the gears, and having installed everything in place, tighten the bolt. If there is a problem with several gears, everything is done the same way, but it is set to neutral, or rather the shift knob is in the middle position. You can watch the video on how to do this.

Fork

Most often it fails on the road. If you slow down at a traffic light, the speed will not turn on to continue driving. A crack that forms on the fork body can lead to its destruction at any time, even under minor loads.

Causes of problems with gearboxes

Almost every owner of a domestic car has at least once encountered problems with partial gearbox failure. If reverse gear on your VAZ-2109 has stopped engaging, then the cause may be one of the malfunctions:

The clutch is not completely disengaged. Reverse gear won't engage? no problems were found, Which VAZ engine is better. With this problem, problems occur when all gears are engaged, but sometimes only the reverse one fails.
The gearbox levers are damaged or broken or their mountings are loose. Problems can only be resolved by diagnosing the box, as well as replacing damaged parts. In this case, moving the lever may be accompanied by a crunching sound.
If only reverse gear does not work, then with a low degree of probability it is time to claim that the transmission fluid has simply run out. Reverse gear won't engage? Causes. Usually, with this problem, all gears do not engage. If, however, you notice that the gear oil level in the box is extremely low, then simply top it up.
In practice, there were cases when the rear “speed” could not be engaged due to the poor quality of the fluid in the gearbox. In this case, it must be replaced.
The most common problem with engaging certain gears is an unadjusted gearbox universal joint. You can notice it by this sign: at first, the backward movement was activated unclearly, and then another mode was activated instead. Later the box stopped working normally altogether.

Let's look at the last two problems in more detail, since often the problem is hidden precisely in them.

Manual transmission bearings

And the last thing that could be the bearings - although they are very strong in the box, sometimes they also “stick”. The box will work like a tractor, especially when warm.

In any case, if you have problems in the gearbox itself, then this is an expensive repair. It is also better to entrust it to professionals, because the gearbox is a very complex mechanism.

Selecting gearbox oil

From time to time it is worth keeping the oil level under control; it is recommended to top it up as needed. A complete oil change will be required when the car has crossed the 60,000 km threshold.

It should be noted that early wear of mechanical components on the VAZ 2114 occurs due to brutal driving or abrupt shifting of the gear lever.

The gearbox for this version of the car works perfectly with GL-4 class mineral oil. It helps to extend the working life of the box. Options needed: 75W90, 80w85, 85w90

When always selecting lubricants for the gearbox, you need to take into account the conditions under which the car will be operated, and pay attention to the viscosity of the transmission oil

New or refurbished old

If replacing the gearbox cannot be avoided, it is worth considering one very attractive option - installing a rebuilt gearbox. To do this, companies purchase old, damaged boxes, restore them to the highest possible quality and offer installation with a guarantee.

As practice shows, such gearboxes are approximately 30-70% cheaper than purchasing a new gearbox.

There is only one important condition for successful savings on such significant repairs. It must be a reliable, proven company. Such companies value their own reputation, therefore they do not deal with fakes or low-quality repairs

In order to receive positive customer feedback and attract new customers, they simply must do everything well, conscientiously. That’s why today there are fly-by-night companies and companies where, over the years of work, they have established themselves as a reliable and responsible specialist in repairing and replacing gearboxes. You yourself understand perfectly well who you need to contact if you have problems with your box.

The need for repair and restoration work

The VAZ 2114 gearbox is subject to repair. Typically, this procedure includes installing new gears and bearings. Repair of the VAZ 2114 gearbox is advisable if the following manifestations begin to be observed:

stiffness when performing manual gear changes
;
a knocking sound occurs when changing gears or in a certain gear;
if the synchronizer breaks down, a corresponding crunch may occur;
if lubricants have lost their characteristics, then this causes an increasing rumble (usually in neutral).

In case of any of these manifestations, it is recommended to contact a service center for diagnostics of the entire auto accounting system.

Repair of the reverse gear locking mechanism in VAZ 2110, 2111, 2112

Often this mechanism is broken and the rear one turns on instead of the first one. It turned out that way for me too.

overlay

Or plastic on the axle (pictured is mine, worn out and broken):

axis

You can change the axle directly from the car interior. The overlay too, I think. In order to get to the mechanism you need to remove the leatherette cover.

case

It is held on a frame. Frame with snaps. Latches in the middle. It is enough to pick up two and pull out the frame.

bottom latch

left latch

Lift it up and we will see a cover and an axle with a plastic tip (I don’t know which way to go).

view from above

groove

In order to replace the axle, you need to remove the screw and nut:

screw

location of the screw

And he stuck a thin slotted screwdriver in there, while tilting the lever to the right:

got there!

Next, remove the axle and insert a new one. And everything is in reverse order. Everything is done in 20 minutes. I spent more time running around for screwdrivers.

For the repair I needed:

Tools: 1. Screwdriver 2. 13 mm wrench

Spare parts: 1. Repair kit for gearbox shifter for cars of the LADA 110 family - cost 154 rubles.

repair kit

https://www.drive2.ru/l/1736892/

Characteristics of malfunctions in the absence of reverse gear

Automatic transmission selector
Speed shifting is carried out using a selector with alphabetic/numeric designations. Thanks to this, it is possible to select the desired mode.

It should be noted that these symbols are duplicated on the dashboard.

Why did reverse gear disappear on the automatic transmission? The inability to engage reverse gear occurs for the following reasons:

the friction layer of the brake band has worn out;
damage to the piston rod;
cuff wear;
deformation of the forward clutch discs.

As a rule, the transmission cannot shift to 3rd gear due to the fact that the oil sealing rings have worn out. When the release bearing is deformed, extraneous noise will be noted during operation. The automatic transmission needs diagnostics.

If only 1st gear is activated forward, while the car is able to drive in reverse, it is worth checking the control valve and the integrity of the gear on the gear selector shaft. This problem can be solved by cleaning the valve and replacing the deformed gear.

You should pay attention to the condition of the rocker bushing and how securely the lever is fixed. In this case, you need to remove the lever cover and the rocker, after which you should start replacing the plastic bushing with a similar spare part.

The automatic transmission mechanism is quite complex, which is why its repair and restoration work is best left to professionals. They will carry out a full diagnostic, the results of which will determine why the automatic transmission does not work in a specific or all gears.

How to change gearbox oil

oil needs to be changed 2109

The work of changing the oil in the box is carried out as follows:

Place the car on an overpass or over a pit, warm it up slightly so that the liquid is not viscous. Locate the oil drain plug on the bottom of the box.
The unit has a rubber cap that needs to be cleaned along with the breather. After cleaning these parts from dirt, return them to their place.
As soon as the preparatory work is completed, place the container, twist the plug with a wrench, and begin draining the transmission oil.
The waste liquid will drain completely within half an hour.
Screw on the plug, tighten it well, but do not strip the thread.
Under the hood, find the transmission dipstick and remove it. In place of the probe, stretch a hose, at the other end of which a regular watering can or funnel is installed. Pour transmission oil into the box through the hose. On older units, the fill plug is located next to the drain plug.

After the work is completed, check the lubricant level with a dipstick and take a control measurement after 2-3 days. If necessary, add oil; if it becomes critically low, inspect the box for leaks.

Design features of the gearbox

On the Russian auto market, the VAZ 2114 (restyling of the VAZ 2109), which is equipped with a manual transmission, is very widespread. The peculiarity of this device is that it perfectly copes with the loads placed there.

From time to time the box on the VAZ 2114 needs to be serviced. The VAZ gearbox includes the following main elements:

crankcase;
back cover;
gear links/numbers;
differential;
shafts;
gears.

Manual transmission is divided into the following types:

4-speed;
5-speed;
6-speed.

Each of these types of boxes has different supports, and drain plugs are installed in different compartments.