The speed sensor (DS) is designed to obtain information about the number of revolutions transmitted from the gearbox to the drive wheels of the vehicle, followed by its conversion into an electronic signal and transmission to the electronic control unit (ECU). Only fuel-injected cars are equipped with DS. The predecessor of the speed sensor was a mechanical speedometer drive, which was equipped with all carburetor engines.
VAZ 2110 cars, depending on the year of manufacture, are equipped with different types of speed sensors. Older models are equipped with a mechanically driven sensor (rod and gear), new ones (after 2006) have a fully electronic design.
Symptoms of a problem
Typical signs of a malfunctioning speed sensor on a VAZ 2110 car are as follows:
- unstable operation and incorrect speedometer and odometer readings;
- cessation of stable engine operation at idle;
- errors generated by the computer (P0500 – no sensor signal, P0503 – intermittent sensor signal).
The problems listed above may result from:
- poor contact in the sensor connector due to contamination;
- violation of the integrity of the wiring from the sensor to the ECU;
- mechanical failure of the DS drive (in older VAZ 2110 models).
Purpose of a speed sensor in a car
The VAZ 2110 speed sensor is responsible for the correct supply of gasoline. It also allows you to set the ignition timing; in addition, the device monitors the quality of the air-fuel mixture.
Speed controller for VAZ 2110
The regulator collects all the necessary information for the injector - engine speed, driving speed, detonation data, etc. — after which it transmits impulses to the ECU. After transmission, the control unit checks all received information, as a result of which it makes changes to the functioning of the injector.
Do I need to change it?
Not only the speedometer and odometer readings, but also the quality of the fuel mixture supplied to the cylinders, the idle speed of the vehicle, engine stability and fuel consumption depend on the information received by the ECU from the sensor.
A failed DS will “confuse” the electronic unit, which simply will not understand whether the car is moving or standing still. As a result, the speed will begin to fluctuate, the engine will stall at idle, and fuel consumption will increase.
Checking a mechanically driven speed sensor is not difficult. On the removed sensor, we find the pin and turn it with pliers, having attached the connector to it in advance. If the speed sensor is working, the arrow on the instrument cluster will jump, if there is no reaction, then there is a problem with the drive or electrical wiring.
Checking the wiring to the instrument cluster is also not difficult, take a paperclip (you can use any other metal object) and insert it into the middle pin on the connector, then touch it to the engine housing, the arrow on the combination should twitch, otherwise you need to look for the cause in a wiring fault or sensor connector (oxidation, breakage, etc.).
How to check the speed sensor of a VAZ 2110?
There are only 3 ways to check the tens speed sensor. One of them involves the use of a control lamp, the other two are based on a circuit.
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But before moving on to any of them, make sure that there is grounding and voltage on the contacts; to do this, disconnect the electrical connector from the sensor by simply squeezing the “antennae” and removing the chip, and ring each of them. One of the contacts should show a voltage of 12V. If everything is fine with the power supply, proceed directly to the diagnosis itself.
Checking the VAZ 2110 speed sensor - the first method
In order to check the serviceability of the VAZ 2110 speed sensor, perform the following steps:
- Jack up the front wheels. Using regular wires (if you have an assistant) or with alligator clips (if you don’t have an assistant), connect the voltmeter to the speed sensor, not forgetting to supply current to it.
- Place the gearbox in 5th gear and rotate the wheel.
- If everything is in order with the sensor, in response to these actions you will see changes in the voltage of the pulse contact - between the output and ground - the higher the speed, the greater the voltage.
- The range of changes is 0.5-10V.
Checking the VAZ 2110 speed sensor - method 2
The second way to check the speed sensor is as follows:
- Remove the speed sensor (how to do this will be described in detail below in the instructions for replacing it).
- Using wires, again repeat the above diagram.
- Take a tube, pliers or any other handy item that allows you to rotate the sensor axis (the main thing here is not to forget about safety precautions), and rotate the sensor around its axis.
- The resulting multimeter readings (from 0.5V to 10V) will indicate that everything is in order with the sensor.
DIY repair and replacement
If you decide to replace the device yourself, familiarize yourself with the removal and replacement procedure.
The controller is dismantled as follows:
- First you need to de-energize the vehicle's on-board network; to do this, disconnect the negative cable from the battery.
- Next, disconnect the wiring connector from the controller itself. At this stage, it is important to remember what pinout these elements have.
- The controller itself can be unscrewed by hand. If you can’t do this on your own, try using a 21 or 22 wrench. In this case, the regulator may have certain differences in design.
- Also immediately check how well the drive functions. After the regulator is removed, it is necessary to unscrew the nut that secures the drive to the gearbox. The dismantling procedure must be done very carefully, because if you accidentally drop the rod into the transmission, the box will need to be removed and disassembled. As for the new drive, it is equipped with a rubber seal. Before installation, it must be lubricated with transmission fluid. Below is a video that will allow you to more clearly understand the procedure for replacing the controller (the author of the video is Auto News).
All new components must be installed in reverse order. Again, in this case the wiring pinout plays a big role. Inside the block itself you can see how the pinout is indicated. Using a tester with the ignition activated, it is necessary to determine which connector the drive should be connected to.
If the multimeter shows “-” and the drive was connected to the positive connector, this indicates that the polarity needs to be changed. Next, the drive is diagnosed, and you should also check the operation of the speedometer while driving or with the front of the vehicle raised (so that the wheels are suspended).
If you doubt that you can carry out the entire procedure yourself and change the controller correctly, we advise you to seek help from specialists. In principle, this process is not particularly complicated, so the cost of the replacement service will not be particularly high. For installation, it is better to use a higher-quality regulator so that in the future you do not face the need to repair and replace it.
How much does it cost to replace a speed sensor on a VAZ 2110?
If the breakdown is not due to dirty contacts or broken wiring, it is better to replace the sensor. Moreover, it costs 170-400 rubles, depending on the type and manufacturer. The cost of replacing it at a service station is 100-150 rubles.
Sensor part numbers:
- with mechanical drive - 2110-3843010F;
- electronic (new) - 2170-3843010.
When choosing a DS, pay attention to where it was manufactured. If a mechanically driven sensor requires replacement, under no circumstances buy Asian analogues - the drive gear is made of very low quality plastic. It happens that it breaks on the third day of use. In this case, you will have to disassemble the entire box to remove its fragments. It is better to purchase a sensor with an all-metal drive.
Preparing for replacement
In order for the procedure for replacing the controller on the tenth VAZ model to proceed correctly and to obtain the expected result, namely the normal functioning of the speedometer, you should be properly prepared for this process.
Firstly, on a VAZ 2110, replacing the DC means purchasing a new controller. When purchasing a new regulator, you need to pay attention to the fact that each connector located in the block design has certain symbols. It should contain the symbols “-”, “A” and “+”, not numbers. In principle, in this case there is not much difference between these options; when connecting the connector you will have fewer problems with pinout. If you have never encountered a process like this, this pinout will allow you to complete it correctly.
Controller connector pinout
One more, no less important nuance. You need to buy a device that is equipped with a metal rod. This rod will last at least six months, which cannot be said about regulators with plastic rods. In addition, when purchasing, you must check whether the rod rotates or not. It should not rotate, there should be no play on this element, and it should also be equipped with a washer.
Step-by-step instructions for replacing the speed sensor on a VAZ 2110
The speed sensor on VAZ 2110 cars comes in two types:
- with mechanical drive
- and electronic
Next we will look at the replacement process for both of these types:
How to replace the speed sensor on a VAZ 2110 with a mechanical drive
- In order to replace the speed sensor on a VAZ 2110 with a mechanical drive, perform the following steps:
- Raise the hood and disconnect the “-” terminal on the battery.
- Determine the location of the sensor. For both old and new models, it is located on the back of the engine at the top of the gearbox.
- If necessary, use a screwdriver to loosen the corrugation clamp, remove it, and move it away
- Squeeze the antennae on the sensor connector and disconnect
- Unscrew the sensor by hand or using a 21 wrench.
- Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the nut securing the DS drive and carefully remove it.
- If the drive is in order, you can leave the old one, but if it has traces of mechanical stress, we replace it.
- Having installed the drive, install a new sensor by screwing it clockwise.
- We connect the connector, connect the corrugation, the negative terminal.
- Let's check.
How to replace an electronic speed sensor on a VAZ 2110 step by step instructions
- To replace the electronic speed sensor with tens, do the following:
- We de-energize the vehicle's on-board circuit.
- Using a screwdriver, loosen the corrugation clamp and remove it.
- We disconnect the wires from the DS by moving the latch.
- Using a 10mm wrench, unscrew the sensor mounting nut.
- We remove the old sensor, install the new one, tighten the nut.
- We connect the corrugation.
- Connect the ground terminal.
Speed sensor malfunctions
Typical symptoms of failure of the electronic speed sensor may be:
- lack of electrical signals - error code P0500;
- intermittent electrical signals with EMF - error code P0503;
- the arrow moves chaotically in different directions, incorrect readings or other types of incorrect operation of the speed indicator;
- unstable operation of the engine at idle: interruptions, floating speed, etc.;
- increased consumption;
- power failures, when you press the pedal the engine does not “pick up” speed, etc.
There can also be several reasons for problems with the Electronic Speed Sensor, for example:
- power supply circuit break,
- oxidation of contacts,
- breakage of connecting wires or wear of the mechanical drive of the sensor.
