Connection diagram for wipers via relay VAZ 2114

In this article we will analyze the main possible malfunctions of wipers and ways to solve the problem.

The windshield wiper is a very important element of the car, due to its failure, movement is prohibited according to traffic regulations, and in general, it is dangerous to life.

It is worth noting that the wiper mechanism is designed for a long service life. Therefore, malfunctions with wipers arise, as a rule, due to improper operation. Also, it is worth taking into account that most breakdowns of the glass cleaning system occur in the winter.

Probably the most basic mistake of all car enthusiasts, many will remember themselves “in their youth.”

It’s winter, I get into the car, start it, turn on the wipers, they jerk a little and that’s it. In this case, the breakdown could have occurred either electrically (for example, a fuse in an electric motor) or mechanically (the motor itself), and it occurred due to the fact that the blades froze and stuck to the windshield.

VAZ windshield wiper does not work: causes of malfunction

The operating mechanism of windshield wipers is designed for a long service life and, as a rule, malfunctions and breakdowns occur due to improper operation. Most often, the failure of their wipers happens in winter, when the windshield wiper blades freeze to the windshield, and the driver, without noticing this, turns on the electric motor. In this case, both the electrical and mechanical parts of the windshield wiper may fail. In this article we will analyze the nuances when troubleshooting and repairing windshield wipers on VAZ cars.

Freezing

Often in winter, on a cold car, you can encounter the effect that the wipers work slowly or hardly move. In this case, it is worth checking whether the wiper blades are frozen to the windshield. If everything is in order here, then the problem is in the trapezoid. The trapezoid joints freeze to each other either due to a large amount of dirt on them, or if there is not enough lubricant. To correct a similar problem, use the material written earlier and carry out a similar procedure.

How the windshield wiper works

On VAZ 2108, 2109, 2113, 2114 (hatchback body) cars a windshield wiper and rear window washer are installed. On VAZ 2199, 2115 (sedan) models there is no rear window wiper.

Electrical diagram of the rear wiper:

Windshield wipers have several operating modes: intermittent (work with a pause), low (first) speed, high (second) speed, one-time triple cleaning of the glass, operating mode with a windshield washer. The rear wiper operates only in one position and in conjunction with the rear window washer.

Typical windshield wiper malfunctions and methods for eliminating them:

Windshield wiper malfunctions include:

1) Complete inoperability of the system (not a single mode works, the electric motor cannot be heard):

check the presence of voltage of 12 volts at terminal 6, in the windshield wiper connector, ground 4, and also check all supply circuits (fuses 4 and 5, switch, mounting block, ignition switch, etc.);
check the operation of the mode switch (presence of 12 V control voltage at terminals 1 and 2 of the windshield wiper connector when switching modes);
check the functionality of the electric motor itself (dismantling and disassembly is required);

2) Intermittent mode does not work (all others work);

the main reason is a non-working “short circuit” relay, in the diagram, and a mode switch (the easiest way to check is by substitution, for a known good one)

3) The windshield wiper blades do not stop in the down position, but stop anywhere (the blades can extend beyond the windshield):

the limit switch in the electric motor is broken (or burnt out) (it is not possible to replace it, only the entire motor, but you can try to fix and repair the switch);
incorrect adjustment of the position of the wipers (align the wipers in place);
the drive shaft of the brush mechanism began to be dismantled (disassembly and replacement of failed parts);

4) The noise of the electric motor is heard, but the brushes do not move (the brushes may twitch in one place):

the drive shaft of the windshield wiper mechanism has been damaged (“licked off” the splines) (replace or fix the splined part of the electric motor);
the nut securing the mechanism rod to the electric motor shaft has become loose (tighten the nut);

5) The wipers do not operate after turning on the windshield washer:

Most likely, the steering column mode switch has failed (replace with a known good one);
there may be a malfunction in the operation and serviceability of the mounting block (measure the voltage at terminals 9 and 18);

6) Poor quality of glass cleaning.

The windshield wiper blades have lost their elasticity (replace the blades with new ones);
contact with oily materials on the glass (oil from the exhaust pipe of a car in front, waxing at a car wash, contamination after polishing, etc.)

Troubleshooting and repair of the rear windshield wiper follows similar principles (the diagram is attached below), with the exception of the absence of operating modes in the rear windshield wiper, and accordingly the absence of some parts (relay, limit switch in the electric motor, and so on).

Electrical part of the windshield wiper:

Washer problems

For optimal and efficient operation of windshield wipers, they require a constant supply of water. To automate this process, engineers have developed a device called a washer.

Washer system diagram

Breakdowns and ways to fix them are different. Let's get to know them in more detail.

The steering column switch does not work. Make sure of this by closing two contacts under the steering wheel - front contact 53ah-w, rear - 53ah-wh, and then measure the resistance. If it is low, the switch is replaced with a new one.
There is no water flowing through the washer pump. It should also be replaced.
Dirt has formed in the injectors. Use a sharp needle to clean them.
The wire that connects the pump and the switch has broken. You understand that the only option is replacement.
Relay K3 is faulty. Again, you have no choice but to change the relay.
The hose ruptured and its integrity was compromised. What do you think should be done in such a situation? Absolutely right - change the hose.

Windshield wiper motor - when repairs are required

Welcome, friends, to the DIY car repair website. Windshield wipers are an indispensable attribute of any car.

Whatever the car is - cheap or expensive, domestic or foreign, passenger or truck, it must have wipers.

The main thing is that they are in good working order and ready to work. In this case, the main element that is responsible for the motor function is the windshield wiper motor.

How to speed up wipers in intermittent mode?

If you are wondering how to make wipers faster on a VAZ 2114, then you should turn to the features of the wipers. This car has 3 wiper modes, namely intermittent, fast and normal.

Intermittent and normal modes imply movement of the brushes at the same speed, which is slightly less than in fast mode. You can set the speed in intermittent mode to be maximum, but in this case it will decrease in fast mode. In fact, to do this you need to swap the wires in the connector to which the wipers are connected. In order to determine which wires to change, it is worth looking at the diagrams.

How does a windshield wiper motor work?

Most cars have two blades that provide more effective cleaning of the windshield. A single wiper is usually mounted on the rear window.

The device operates in two or three modes, which allow the brushes to provide intermittent, slow or fast cleaning.

The overall design includes a wiper motor (a small motor with a gearbox), a brush return mechanism, a lever system and the cleaning rubber bands themselves. In parallel with the cleaner, you can use the windshield washer, which supplies water in the form of a directed jet.

One of the most unreliable elements of the system, which often fails, is the motor. If it breaks down, motorists do not know what to do and what the reasons may be.

Motor malfunctions and solutions

Let's look at what to do if the windshield wiper motor does not work, and what can cause such problems. There are several options:

1. The electric motor does not work, the bimetallic fuse is inactive, and the fusible insert responsible for powering the wipers is intact. In this case, you need to check the serviceability of the wiring, the quality of connections of all contacts, determine any existing damage and eliminate them.

If everything is fine with the wiring, then you should check the wiper switch. If it acts up, just replace it. The engine itself may not work - this often happens when brushes stick or contact connections burn.

In this case, you need to repair the windshield wiper motor - inspect it, replace faulty elements, and clean dirty components. It is important to check the integrity of the wiring that connects the electric motor and the block.

Why does the rear wiper of the VAZ 2109 not work? Troubleshooting and repair

Windshield wipers, wipers, brushes are essentially the same thing. As a rule, we remember their existence only when it starts to rain or when another bird flying by promises us great wealth right on our face :-). It is then that we remember the existence of these miracle devices that can so easily and effortlessly do all the dirty work or simply provide us with normal visibility in the rain, necessary for safe movement.

Read also: Renault Logan phase 2 technical specifications

According to the “law of meanness,” the wipers will stop working exactly at the moment when it rains, snows, or when the glass needs cleaning. But this doesn’t make it any easier; the fault needs to be eliminated, but before that it wouldn’t hurt to find it. In practice, it turned out that finding the reason why the engine does not start is much easier than understanding why the rear wiper of a VAZ 2109 does not work. To be honest, at first, I didn’t even know where to start and what to actually check, the mechanism is as simple as “two rubles” and what -there can be no failures, but the fact remains that the wiper does not work and does not react to anything.

As you may have guessed, today we will talk about the rear wiper, or more precisely, about why the rear wiper of the VAZ 2109 does not work.

So, let's figure out what, how and why.

Windshield wipers do not work: the motor turns and the blades are in place:

The reason for this may be poor contact or severe wear of the gearbox drive shaft.
The nut securing the trapezoid to the drive has come loose.

The rear wiper does not work and there is no sound from the motor:

Perhaps the steering column wiper switch has failed. Check the voltage on the wires with a tester.
The windshield wiper drive (motor) itself has failed.

How to replace a windshield wiper motor?

The biggest problem is the failure of the mechanism that drives the wipers on the windshield. In such a situation, it is necessary to dismantle the engine, repair it, and in some cases, replace it. Let's look at how to remove the windshield wiper motor (using the VAZ-2109 as an example).

The replacement algorithm is as follows:

Rotate the brush arms until they are in a vertical position. Now unscrew their mounting nuts.
It is better to disconnect the negative from the power source so as not to accidentally short-circuit anything.
Remove the wiper arms from the mechanism rollers.
Remove one of the caps from each side.
Unscrew one bracket fastening nut (also on each side).
Remove the rubber washers.
Lift the hood and disconnect the connector with wires from the block powering the device.
Remove the cover from the fuse and relay box. If necessary, remove all relays (they will interfere).
Unscrew the bolt that secures the windshield wiper bracket.
Press the plastic wire clamp and remove it from the hole.
Remove the holder mounted on the wires so that it does not get lost.
Remove the windshield wiper shafts through the holes mentioned above.
Pull out the windshield wiper.

Then there are two options - repair or replacement of the windshield wiper motor. Monitor the condition of the wiper motor and inspect the entire system from time to time.

Otherwise, the brushes may fail at the most unpredictable moment. Have a good trip and of course no breakdowns.

Modern wipers on the VAZ 2114

To clean the windshield of a VAZ 2114 from dirt and water flows during rain, a special device is provided, so-called wipers on the VAZ 2114. VAZ wiper blades consist of a lever that turns in a certain direction and a rubber gasket that cleans the glass. The wiper gear motor causes the blades to move back and forth.

As a result, the windshield or rear window is cleaned. The windshield wiper speed control is located inside the car. It is almost always located under the steering wheel. The size of the brushes can be very different. Windshield wipers on almost all cars operate in several modes. On the windshield, the wiper functions in four ways:

intermittent, when there is a pause;
first speed;
second speed;
work together with the washer.

The rear window wiper has two modes:

Modern wipers

If it so happened that you had to replace the stock wipers with new ones on your VAZ 2114, give preference to modern windshield wipers.

Frameless

Their advantages are obvious:

High reliability indicators compared to outdated designs;
Long service life;
No squeaks during operation;
Effectively perform your task - cleaning glass.

Functionality and quality of modern wipers

It must be said that the quality of wipers and their size have a huge impact on the safety of the vehicle. Therefore, choosing the right windshield wiper remains a very important task. The reliability and quality of wipers are determined by the fact that they:

do not make creaking sounds;
have a long service life;
Cleans glass very well.

In the absence of any of the qualities described above, the comfort of being in the car is lost, and there is a danger of getting into a traffic accident due to reduced visibility, especially in the rain. The size of the installed wipers plays an important role. If it is slightly larger than required, then the force pressing the blade against the glass, especially when these are frameless wipers, is noticeably reduced. As a result, the glass is poorly cleaned.

In addition, a large brush size will affect the cleaning plane. The edge of the brush may touch the sealing rubber of the windshield, and then it does not touch the working surface. On Kalina's car, the large brush begins to touch the edge of the driver's door. When the brush size is much smaller than required, the cleaning area decreases. The windshield does not clean completely.

At the same time, small wipers leave a dirty island on the glass. What should be the size of brushes on a VAZ 2114? This car model is equipped with two wipers that clean the windshield. They have the same symmetrical size, equal to 51 cm. However, it is possible to install brushes whose size will be slightly changed.

How to solve a problem?

If you are thinking about how to increase the speed of the VAZ 2114 wipers, then you should look at the root of the problem. And the main reason lies precisely in the motor of the mechanism and the trapezoid of the structure. If you do not pay attention to your wipers for at least a couple of months, then as a result you will notice a decrease in the speed of their operation.

To prevent such a problem, it is necessary to take care of the mechanism in a timely manner, and to take care of it correctly.

To return the structure to the required speed, you will need to disassemble the mechanism, clean the motor, or you can sand it with sandpaper. It is also worth lubricating the hinges that are located between the slats. If such care does not help, then all that remains is to replace the product or take the car to a service center.

The problem is that in the absence of cleaning and smearing, the mechanism quickly becomes unusable, which is why the product may need to be replaced. If we consider more frequent breakdowns, then most often the trapezoid becomes unusable. The hinges may also begin to jam, the slats may become deformed, and problems with the motor are found a little less frequently.

It is necessary to exclude damage to the wiring, which may also be the cause of the problem. If the wires are damaged, then most likely you will have to replace them along with the wipers.

Replacing a VAZ windshield wiper motor

Sometimes the gear motor fails. The brushes are constantly working, the shutdown relay does not work. When the motor control is turned on, the wipers do not function. In some cases they do not turn off. To eliminate such breakdowns, the motor must be replaced.

The windshield wiper gear motor is a very ordinary three-speed electric motor. Similar to standard geared motors, it has a bimetallic fuse located directly on the housing or hidden inside. Replacing the motor is quite simple. It is necessary to unscrew the four mounting bolts. However, the following difficulties may arise:

poor engine location;
the need to mark the location of the crank.

The crank refers to a curved rod that connects the motor and the trapezoid arms. If the crank is installed incorrectly, the teeth of the new motor can be broken. The replacement technology is as follows.

The fuse box is turned off.
A mark is made on the location of the crank.
The crank mount is released.
The trapezoid mounting bolts are unscrewed.
The gear motor is removed.

Sometimes the motor is difficult to reach due to its location. For convenience, you need to move the fuse box, having first unscrewed the fastening bolts.

Frameless wipers: features

This design does not have its own skeleton. Basically, frameless wipers are a kind of tape that has a steel plate inside. Their appearance harmonizes perfectly with any car, which cannot be said about the skeletons of frame wipers.

These models do not belong to the economy segment. For different brands of cars, such wipers are selected individually. The curvature of the windshield of any car is formed according to aerodynamic parameters. Therefore, the curvature of the wiper must also be appropriate.

This is why low-cost windshield wipers do not press well and the glass does not clean. It is impossible to fix such brushes. You just need to install new, better ones. Premium brushes will work perfectly, regardless of the car model. However, they cost more than 1000 rubles.

A positive quality of frameless models is the ease of cleaning the windshield wiper from ice in winter. You just need to bend them a few times for the ice to instantly fall off. These wipers have excellent aerodynamics. At high vehicle speeds, their downforce increases.

Windshield wiper trapezoids

The main reason you need to replace your windshield wiper arm is when your windshield wipers are running slowly. The trapezoid is also replaced in case of serious mechanical damage. To replace it, you must adhere to a certain technological sequence.

Under the hood, the wires connected to the fuse block are disconnected.
The protective casing covering the heater fan is removed.
The stove filter is removed.
The heater motor is disconnected. You just need to move it to the side, there is no need to remove it.
The decorative trim is removed from the wipers.
Under the protective rubber cover there is a nut that secures the windshield wiper. The cover lifts slightly and it unscrews. The janitor is removed.
The wiper shaft is freed from rings and gaskets.
The second windshield wiper is removed in the same way.
Under the hood, the bolts securing the trapezoid to the body are removed.

It will not be possible to immediately pull out the released trapezoid. The fuse box will interfere, as well as the heater motor. To remove the trapezoid, you can use two exits.

Remove the fuse box by unscrewing the nuts securing it, and remove the heater motor.
Disconnect the gear motor from the trapezoid. Remove the gear motor one by one, and then the trapezoid.

When disconnecting the gear motor from the trapezoid, it is necessary to remember and mark the location of the crank. A marker will be useful for this purpose. Only after this can you unscrew the mounting bolts and disconnect the motor from the trapezoid.

Possible washer malfunctions

In order for the wipers to work properly, a constant supply of water is necessary. To automate this process, a washer was made. There may be the following reasons for its failure.

The steering column switch has failed. To check this, you need to close the two contacts located under the steering wheel. Front contact 53ah-w, rear contact 53ah-wh. After this, measure the resistance. In case of low resistance or breakdown, the switch must be replaced with a new one.
The washer pump does not supply water. It needs to be changed.
The wire connecting the switch to the pump has broken.
The injectors are clogged with dirt. They can be cleaned with a sharp needle.
Relay K3 does not work.
The hose broke.

As you can see, even simple parts have enough problems and breakdowns. However, following the operating rules will help avoid repairs and increase their service life.

Causes of malfunction and their elimination

It often happens that the wipers do not respond to switching modes. If you turn on the wipers and when you switch the lever you do not hear the sounds of the electric motor or the clicks of the relay, the reason may be hidden in three places: