It’s worth noting right away that there is no point in considering major engine breakdowns, since the average driver will neither be able to diagnose nor repair them, so you should pay attention not to those faults that can be eliminated with your own hands or in a short time.
For example, if a VAZ-2114 does not start, it is worth checking its fuel system, and first of all, you need to take care of the following aspects:
- presence of fuel in the gas tank (the sensor may be wrong);
- the integrity of the gas pipelines running along the bottom of the car from the tank to the engine;
- serviceability of the coarse filter in the fuel tank;
- the serviceability of the fine filter in the tank below, near the spare wheel.
Of course, both the fuel pump itself and its relay can fail, which can partly be attributed to the car’s electrical network. You can determine the breakdown yourself by listening after turning the key in the ignition to the characteristic sound of fuel pumping - if there is none, the pump, relay or wiring is faulty.
Additionally, according to the instructions, you can connect a pressure gauge to the fuel network, measuring the fuel pressure in it: a reading below two and a half atmospheres will indicate an unlikely leak. In such a case, you will need to look for leaks in the tank and gas lines - for this it is better to drive the car into a pit.
Unlike the coarse filter, the mesh in the tank under the bottom of the VAZ-2114 may well become clogged and littered, so it is worth checking it first if other faults are excluded.
Technical characteristics of VAZ 2114
Before studying the issues of repairing the VAZ 2114, you should first consider the technical data of this car. Samara 2 is a solid, practical car from a domestic manufacturer that entered the sales arena in 2001. The model is a five-door hatchback designed for five passengers.
The car has a light, laconic, very pleasant design, suitable for all segments of the consumer audience. The development of Samara 2 was based on the principle of universality. The length of the car is 4,122 mm, width - 1,650 mm, height - 1,402 mm, wheelbase is 2,460 mm.
The “fourteenth” differs from its predecessor in a more original body design, especially the front bumper. Other headlights also bring a sense of novelty; although they still have a classic, rigid shape, there is still a break from the previous conservative order.
If previously the headlights were exclusively rectangular in shape, then in Samara 2 they have the shape of a parallelepiped. The radiator grille trim is new; in addition, it is worth noting the presence of moldings, which not only serve as a decorative element, but also protect the surfaces from scuffs and chips.
The salon has a nice, cozy atmosphere. The steering wheel is borrowed from the tenth model, perfectly adjustable and comfortable. There is a good heating system. A new dashboard has been installed, which fits best into the interior concept. In addition, there is a wide range of options for tuning, so you can change everything at any time as you wish.
Under the hood of the car, initially only one 1.6-liter 8-valve gasoline engine was installed, accelerating the car to a maximum speed of 162 km/h. But in 2007, a restyling stage took place, as a result of which the car was updated both externally and technically. A new 16-valve 1.6-liter engine has appeared, which has more capabilities.
The maximum speed of the car is 193 km/h. The power units are equipped with a five-speed manual transmission and front-wheel drive. The production of the model was completed in 2013, but even today the VAZ 2114 occupies one of the leading positions in the overall ranking of the most popular cars in Russia.
Main reasons and methods for solving them
Check engine light is on
Healthy! Maybe you are lucky and resetting the injector errors will help. To do this, you first need to remove the negative terminal from the battery. If after 5-10 minutes the car starts as well, then this is not the problem.
Difficulty starting the engine is influenced by a number of simple reasons, which you can eliminate yourself in the garage, having a standard set of tools with you.
Starter mechanisms (brushes, bendix)
In the process of rebuilding the starter. The arrow indicates worn brushes.
- On used cars, the brushes on the starter wear out. In this case, you need to remove the cover and replace them with new ones;
- A starter that has been in use for a long time can be sorted out, cleaned all the mechanisms, washed with WD-40 and filled with new lithol, since the old one is most likely coked and formed into balls;
Fuel problems
In the process of replacing the fuel pump grid. On the right is the old one, and on the left is the new coarse mesh
Small particles of debris getting into the gas tank . This problem is treated by cleaning the fuel system and replacing the filter.
Incorrect sensor readings
Location of the phase sensor under the hood
Failure or incorrect signal supply from the sensors to the ECU (their diagnostics are required, and if a malfunction is detected, replacement with new ones):
- Speed sensor.
- Crankshaft position sensor.
- Idle speed sensor.
- Phase sensor.
Wires, filter and spark plugs
Clogged air filter
- High-voltage wires are broken , poor contact on the tips (oxidation). During a visual inspection, it is rarely determined whether the best option is to replace it with new or known good ones. Before replacing, you can clean (blow out) the contacts on the old wires.
- The spark plugs are flooded , mechanically damaged, or the gap is set incorrectly. If necessary, the following is done: new ones are screwed in, the required gap is set, or the old ones are returned to their place.
- The air filter is clogged , causing the air supply to the engine combustion chamber to deteriorate. It is recommended to replace with a new one.
Gasoline pump
The fuel pump is located under the rear seat
The fuel pump does not provide the required pressure , which is why the injectors do not spray fuel, but simply splash it. In order to discard this option, you need to measure the fuel pressure with a pressure gauge (the nominal one should correspond to the norm of 3.2 bar).
If the result is different, the situation requires replacing the fuel pump.
Engine failure
Reduced compression in the cylinders is one of the most terrible situations for a car owner. In this case, flammable gases enter the crankcase, and new vapors do not ignite.
Preparing to measure engine compression
In this situation, replacement of the piston rings is required, and perhaps a major overhaul of the engine.
Electrical problems
If you notice that your VAZ 2114 is difficult to start, then first of all you should check the main electrical components and assemblies that affect its operation.
These include:
- starter;
- spark plug;
- throttle;
- electronic control unit.
In this case, the check should begin with the candles.
Before you begin troubleshooting, you should check the condition and charge of the battery. If it is too discharged, then this can cause poor starter performance and, as a result, difficulties when starting the engine.
If the battery is in perfect order, then you should carefully examine the spark plugs. The presence of oil, carbon deposits, or colored spots on them may indicate that they are faulty. In this case, there are two options for solving the problem - either clean the existing spark plugs (for example, calcinate them or clean them with fine sandpaper and solvent) or replace them with new ones. The last option is the most preferable, since only it will help you find out for sure whether the spark plugs are to blame for the malfunction or not.
It should be remembered that when replacing spark plugs with new ones, all 4 spark plugs should be replaced. This is done even if only one candle fails.
If upon inspection it turns out that everything is in order with the spark plugs, then you should check the high-voltage coil. This can be made easier by replacing it with a new, similar one. If the ignition coil (or rather the block) is working properly, then you should proceed to diagnosing the starter.
Checking the starter consists of carefully inspecting it and monitoring the condition of the main elements - the degree of wear of graphite brushes, brass bushings, etc. In addition, you should check the starter using a multimeter (tester), “ringing” it between one of the brushes and the armature. If the tester shows an open circuit, then there is a break in the winding and the part will have to be replaced.
Another reason why the VAZ 2114 does not start well with a cold injector may be a malfunction of the electronic control unit. Checking it at home is extremely problematic, since you will need special diagnostic equipment.
That is why you should either contact a service center to check the ECU or try replacing the unit with another one and try to start the car again. If the car starts right away, then the problem was in the block. In this case, you will have to either buy a new ECU or reflash the existing one (for this you will also need to contact a car service).
We diagnose the starter
To remove the starter and inspect it for faults at home, you can use a step-by-step algorithm:
Step 1: put the VAZ-2114 in a repair pit.
Step 2: remove the car engine protection.
Step 3: Open the hood.
Step 4: Remove the battery "-" terminal.
Step 5: Disconnect the wiring harness.
Step 6: Remove the crankcase protection.
Step 7: Unscrew the fastening nut to remove the wires from the traction relay.
Other faults
The injector makes it quite easy to determine the cause of the malfunction. But repairs are much more difficult than on cars equipped with a carburetor engine. VAZ 2114 is equipped with engines of various powers. Easier maintenance with 8 valves. If the car takes a long time to start and the exclamation mark is on, then the reason may lie in the following:
- incorrect operation of injectors;
- poor quality fuel;
- low pressure in the ramp.
Often, over a long period of use, the injectors simply become clogged. As a result, they require cleaning. It is difficult to cope with such a task on your own. The solution may be to contact a specialized service. Cleaning is usually performed using ultrasound. Another option is low quality fuel mixture. If the car begins to stall or loses power immediately after refueling, then the problem lies precisely in gasoline.
Lack of sufficient pressure in the ramp is another common reason. It can be measured using a special pressure gauge. Normal pressure is 2-2.5 atm. If it is lower, then the engine simply will not start. If you cannot independently determine the reason for the inability to start the engine, you should contact a service center.
The VAZ 2114 car is easy to repair and maintain. You just need to monitor the quality of the fuel being poured, and also change consumables in a timely manner.
Useful tips
Additionally, experts advise turning your attention, when all other options have already been excluded, to the timing belt - when replacing it, the technicians could have set the phases incorrectly.
In addition, a banal belt break or excessive rotation is likely.
Very exceptional situations include a skewed cylinder head (for example, due to overheating), impaired compression in the cylinders and misaligned rings.
Gasoline for VAZ 2114
One should not discount such a banal reason as low-quality fuel: in places far from cities, where there is nothing to choose from, cunning entrepreneurs can pour in a completely indecent mixture.
The engine will not start immediately from such gasoline, which will serve as an additional diagnostic sign, and there can only be one solution - drain the low-quality fuel and fill it with normal gasoline. In such situations, however, there is nowhere to take it from, so you will have to rely on a tow truck or compassionate motorists who will stop to help.
The starter turns but does not start: injector
When the starter turns, but the VAZ 2114 does not start, it has 8 or 16 valves (also relevant for similar car models). The problem is searched for in the following systems:
- fuel supply;
- ignition;
- electronics;
- injector.
Fuel system
Pump
A common problem when injection vehicles fail to start is a breakdown of the fuel pump. When you turn the key in the ignition switch, a characteristic hum should be heard from the tank, accompanied by pumping gasoline into the line. If it is absent, the corresponding relay and fuse are checked. If the inserts are in good condition, it is necessary to diagnose the pump itself (located inside the tank, under the rear seats). It is also necessary to check the integrity of the fuel lines and the working condition of the coarse and fine filters.
Gasoline quality
There is a widespread belief that a properly tuned engine can operate even on surrogate gasoline without causing problems - this is fundamentally not true. If the starter turns but the Priora or a similar car does not start some time after the last refueling, the problem may be with bad fuel. This mixture must be drained and filled with new fuel as quickly as possible.
Injectors clogged
In 90% of cases, the problem arises as a consequence of a previous incident. The nozzle nozzle has a minimum diameter. The smallest specks can clog the passage inside the part, which causes failure of the power unit or tripping.
You can check it like this. After 2-3 unsuccessful attempts to start the engine, you need to unscrew the spark plugs. If the electrodes are wet, the injectors work.
Note! Fuel injectors do not fail at the same time. A secondary sign of device failure is that the car is running rough before starting problems.
Repairs and thorough diagnostics of parts are carried out on a special stand.
No pressure inside the fuel rail
The starter turns, but the 2114 VAZ or Priora does not start - the reason may be due to insufficient operating pressure of the injector fuel rail. If the fuel pump is operating adequately, it is necessary to check the mass air flow sensor. A faulty unit may send incorrect information to the ECU, which prevents the combustion mixture from forming correctly. In some cases (5-6%), the launch is affected by the failure of the TPS. However, this is unlikely.
Electronics and ignition
Initially, spark plugs are diagnosed using the standard method. If there is no spark, the spark plugs themselves and the high-voltage wires are checked. If everything is in order, but there is no expected arc, the problem may be in the following nodes.
- Ignition module. A capricious and unpredictable detail on most VAZ family cars and budget foreign cars. The block design is practically beyond repair; upon diagnosis, it is replaced with a known good one. It is also important to have voltage on the module chip. If there is no electricity, the fuse and the corresponding relay are checked.
- DPKV - the sensor may transmit data with an error or completely fail. This is a key element of the ignition system; performance testing is performed with an oscilloscope. Also changes to a known good one.
- ECU. The injector control design may malfunction due to oxidation of the contact chips or internal problems.
- System errors. Accumulated failures of the on-board computer may prevent the engine from starting. The problem can be eliminated by diagnostics at a service station with specialized equipment.
- Mechanical failures. Broken wires, oxidized terminals or loose connections in 50% of cases lead to interruptions in the operation of the internal combustion engine.
We inserted the key, turned it, the lights came on, and the fuel pump started pumping. It is located at the end of the body, under the passenger seat, so you should hear its noise from the rear of the car. If there is no noise, then the problem is in the fuel pump, its wiring or a battery that is set to zero. For more detailed information, go to the article: The fuel pump does not pump. Causes.
So, we inserted the key, turned it, the fuel pump pumped up, turn the key, start it, and in response there was silence. Problem: the starter does not turn. If this happens, go to the article: The starter does not turn. What to do?
No ignition when turning the key
The second broad area of searching for the problem is the electrical system of the car, due to a malfunction in one of the components of which the VAZ-2114 does not start and does not respond at all to turning the key in the ignition switch. To begin with, just in case, it’s worth checking the functionality of the battery under the hood: many drivers, when starting a deep search for a breakdown, forget about such a banal reason for the lack of current.
You must carefully and calmly make sure that the ignition switch itself turns smoothly, without encountering obstacles or jamming, which in theory could lead to an unsuccessful engine start
VAZ 2114 battery
Next, you should turn your attention to more specific components and assemblies, checking their serviceability one by one:
- Check the instructions for two relays - the starter and the ignition switch, which are located above the clutch pedal. You can evaluate their performance using the car manual, but usually they are simply replaced with ones that are known to be good for diagnostic purposes.
- A faulty starter, or more precisely, a solenoid relay: if it breaks down on the road, you can try tapping it lightly if it just jams. Having reached the overpass, you need to turn it manually - connect the body to zero on the battery, and the other contact to positive.
- If the starter actively begins to turn, the problem is not with it; if there is a current supply, but it does not turn, the brushes are broken. Lack of response will indicate a malfunction of the retractor relay, and a sharp and unpleasant sound will indicate a breakdown of the overrunning clutch in the starter.
Starter VAZ 2114
The connection of the contacts itself also requires study, since it is likely that they have broken or oxidized due to moisture - they will need to be cleaned or re-twisted, and then insulated.
Starter Spins Car Doesn't Start VAZ 2114
The design of any modern VAZ 2114 car is no exception; it is such that a successful automobile plant depends on a number of positions. These 30 years were enough for the mechanical pump to deliver fuel to the carburetor, and a spark was lit at the spark plugs. Now there are enough problems that prevent you from starting the engine. The electric injector requests the role of several sensors and is not limited to them. Next, we will explain why the Quartet does not start and how to deal with it.
All that is left for our client is an error, divided into two huge categories:
- Fuel interference allowing for consideration (software). This group includes any breakdowns after which fuel usually does not enter the engine, is supplied incorrectly, or there are errors in the consistency properties.
- Difficulties in the electronic part. Ignition of the fuel consistency is ensured by sending an electronic signal to the spark plugs. If there are obstacles (and a lot of electronic parts), the machine will not start.
The most serious faults fall into a separate category. for example, a “knocked down” VAZ 2114 engine, a broken timing belt and, as a result, a bent valve. In many situations, expensive repairs are not an option.
Difficulties in the fuel metering system
Of the parts (software) for fuel accounting, the following reasons affect engine starting:
- presence of gasoline in the tank;
- integrity of the fuel line under the “belly” of the car;
- Filter cleanliness: coarse cleaning (located in the tank) and fine cleaning (located under the car, to the right of the spare wheel compartment).
This category also includes electronic components directly related to fuel delivery. This is the electronic fuel pump and fuel pump relay.
When checking other methods, you must be absolutely sure that the VAZ 2114 with an injector is full. “Yes, bye, five” according to the cursor on the spell, as it is called “I poured it yesterday, I couldn’t spend that much” is not suitable. It may lie neatly, there are leaks in the tank or fuel lines. Carefully check the car for fuel leaks; just in case, fill in 5-7 liters of gasoline from a canister.
The screen in the tank gets clogged from time to time, leave this option at the end, but you should try to replace the filter if the problems with the electronic parts are resolved.
Fuel system
If it is below -20 degrees outside the window, it is possible that condensation has formed in the tank. The presence of water in gasoline is a bad sign. Moreover, it is not necessary that it be “diluted” at the gas stations themselves. Due to the temperature difference, condensation forms on the walls of the tank. At low temperatures it freezes. As a result, the VAZ-2115 (injector, 8 valves) does not start. Frozen water can be both in the fuel lines and in the filter itself. There is no point in trying to turn the starter with the hope that the car is about to start. You'll just drain the battery. The only solution to the problem is to warm up the car. It's better if it's in a garage with this problem. By installing an oil or induction heater there, you will quickly warm up the air temperature in the room. And the car will start successfully.
